Case Study - 6581 Words

S w 9B09M035 TALISMAN ENERGY INC.: THE DECISION TO ENTER IRAQ Natalie Slawinski wrote this case under the supervision of Professor Pratima Bansal solely to provide material for class discussion. The authors do not intend to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of a managerial situation. The authors may have disguised certain names and other identifying information to protect confidentiality. Ivey Management Services prohibits any form of reproduction, storage or transmittal without its written permission. Reproduction of this material is not covered under authorization by any reproduction rights organization. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, contact Ivey Publishing, Ivey Management†¦show more content†¦Yet, despite the conflict, some analysts had seen great profit potential for Talisman in entering Sudan. One analyst had noted that the project would “â€Å"generate a lot of cash flow, and [would] be a very economic project, with a lot of exploratory upside.”†1 Buckee himself ha d argued that the security situation was acceptable given that the Sudanese government protected the site and a fledgling peace treaty had recently been signed. He had felt that Talisman’’s share price would recover once investors saw the long-term potential of the project.2 Finally, the United Nations had recognized the Sudanese government, which provided legitimacy for the regime and helped reduce Talisman’’s political risks. Buckee and the board had decided that the in-country risks were manageable. For Talisman, the bet on Sudan had initially paid off. GNPOC extracted its first barrel in July 1999. Success, however, came at a cost. Shortly after investing in Sudan, numerous international nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) accused Talisman of fueling the civil war, believing the Sudanese government was using oil revenues to purchase weaponry. These NGOs accused Talisman of being complicit in the genocide that was taking place at the hands of the Sudanese g overnment.3 The brutality of the conflict in Sudan had drawn enormous media attention. Since 1983, an estimated two million people, most ofShow MoreRelatedCase Studies : A Case Study Approach Essay1157 Words   |  5 PagesA case study is a specific instance that is frequently designed to illustrate a more general principle (Nisbet and Watt, 1984). Hitchock and Hughes (1995) further suggest that the case study approach is particularly valuable when the researcher has little control over evens. Case studies strives to portray ‘what it like’ to be a particular situation, to catch up reality and ‘thick description’ (Geertz, 1973) of participants’ lives experiences of, thoughts about and feelings for a situation. TheyRead MoreCase Study887 Words   |  4 PagesCHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Reasons choose the case 1.2 The Problems The problems of this case are: 1. How would you characterize Lincoln Electric’s strategy? In this context, what is the nature of Lincoln’s business and upon what bases does this company compete? 2. What are the most important elements of Lincoln’s overall approach to organization and control that help explain why this company is so successful? 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In all other cases, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without either the prior written permission of the Publishers orRead MoreCase Studies13817 Words   |  56 PagesCASE STUDY #1 A Job Search Dilemma Eric, a second-semester senior, is looking for a job. Anxious about finding work in the worst economy in decades, he sends out scores of resumes for a wide variety of positions. The first call he gets is for a position that doesnt really interest him, but he figures he should be open to every opportunity. He schedules an interview, which he aces. In fact, the recruiter offers Eric the job on the spot. He would like Eric to start as soon as possible. Should EricRead MoreCase Study : The Angel 1089 Words   |  5 Pages Case Study #1 The Angel, 1997 Susan Meeks, an alias, woke to what she thought was the middle of the afternoon. A bright yellowish light was shining through the west window of her travel trailer. An other world being was in the room and was as tall as the ceiling of the trailer. She went to the bathroom where she washed her face with cold water and stayed in there long enough to smoke a cigarette. When she went back to the bedroom the being was still there. The being showed her futureRead MoreCase Study 8985 Words   |  4 PagesCase Study 8 Based on the January through June 2010 cash budget, what is the maximum monthly loss during the six-month planning period? What is the maximum cumulative borrowing balance? (For purposes of this question, disregard any interest payments on short-term bank loans or interest received from investing surplus funds.) Maximum monthly loss is in June: -$60,750. The maximum cumulative borrowing balance is $99,000 in February. What does the monthly cash budget reveal that indicatesRead MoreThe Case Study Of The Company1468 Words   |  6 PagesOverview of Case Study In the case study by Spector titled, Transferring Innovation Across National Boundaries, (Spector, 2012) company named Minnesota Biolabs (MB) provided laboratories with a quality test for contamination of injectable medications. This test required the use of live rabbits that led to the rabbit’s death after the test. The company was headquartered in Minneapolis, however they were organized with four, somewhat independent, national units in Europe and Japan, each run by aRead MoreLaw of Case Studies1514 Words   |  7 PagesZulfatah Arif SCM-019741 Work Psychology in Communication, Writing and Reporting COM 2153 Mr Haji Adenan Case Studies An Unmotivated Building Inspector Case Study By: Zulfatah Arif 1) Review the motivation theories discussed in this chapter. How would each one describe and explain the problems with Simon Lucas’s motivation? The theories that would be relevant to the problems with Simon Lucas’ motivation would be the McClelland’s Need Theory and Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory.Read MoreCase Study Essay1116 Words   |  5 PagesCase Study Objective The Case will focus on issues related to the cultural aspect of international business; sustainable business practices including CSR issues; foreign investment; and the benefits of regional integration for the countries within, and companies doing business in, that region.   The case study analysis will be completed on an individual basis. Instructions THE CASE: Kaizer Consulting Kaizer Consulting is an international management consulting firm that specializes in business strategy

Religious Men Who Changed the World Essay - 645 Words

There are a ton of men who have changed the world in the past and now days. Some of the most impactful men who changed the world spiritually were reformers. They stood up for what they believed in and wouldn’t back down no matter what. They were persecuted, made fun, out casted, and put in jail with a trail. Some of these incredible men are George Wishart, Thomas Bilney, and Ulrich Zwingli. George Wishart was born in the year 1513 in Scotland. He was tall with black hair and a long beard. He attended University in France. He became a priest. In 1538 he became a school teacher in Montrose, Scotland. He taught the New Testament in the Greek language. This made the bishop of Brechin extremely furious. Wishart fled to Bristol when he got†¦show more content†¦These readings greatly moved him and cheered him up dramatically thanks to the relief of being saved by God’s word. He joined his colleagues, John Fryth and William Tyndale, in forming the formidable trio again st the priest. They gathered many adherents. Some of the adherents were Thomas Arthur and Master Hugh Latimer. Bilney and Arthur went to London to preach to every one they could. Bilney preached against a new and incomplete cross that had been erected, calling it idolatrous, in Whitsun week 1527. They were both arrested and ended in the Tower pending the pleasure of Cardinal Wolsey. December fourth Bilney was placed before Cuthbert Tunstal, London’s Bishop. This was only the first of many visits to the bishop over the next few days. The bishop was amenable to several adjournments of sentence for heresy despite the strength of the case. Bilney returned on the seventh saying he would abjure and return to the Catholic Church’s fold. In the Cardinal’s pleasure he was sentenced to prison for his penance. He was also ordered to be humiliated at St Paul’s. After wards he was kept imprisoned for a year. He returned to Cambridge upon being released from prison. Bilney suffered great depression and regret. He suffered for two years before he left his associates at Trinity Hall. He took a Tyndale’s New Testament and Obedience of a Christian Man with him to Norwich. He started outShow MoreRelatedRelationship Between British And Native Americans751 Words   |  4 Pagesown little world, until suddenly, the British come upon this land. Little did the British know, tribes of natives already lived there. The countenance of the Native Americans did not go over very well. There was tension between the English and the Native Americans. For example, they fought over the land of the â€Å"New World†. As expected, the Natives were fearful and angry when foreigners showed up and proposed new religious beliefs. The British and the Native Americans’ relationship changed due to thoseRead MoreInvisible Gender Rules Essay1497 Words   |  6 PagesInvisible Gender Rules Changing oneself is very difficult to achieve, but a complete change of a group of people is next to impossible. For women, the past many years have changed lives, careers and family life. Yet the womens revolution did not remove discrimination from society, it only changed certain discriminatory actions into others. Fatima Mernissi wrote the short story The Harem Within about a young girl living in a Harem where her primary role is to become a slave to her husbandRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1244 Words   |  5 Pageswhite men. They feel the need to â€Å"save† the natives from themselves. The white men feel the need to spread their cultural and religious beliefs in an attempt to to gain the support of their beliefs. Sometimes this was welcomed to foreign societies and it would bring them new technologies and ideas to improve their life, usually if it was not too different from their own. 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So much has changed from back then and now. When it comes to marriage, all cultures have their own rituals and beliefs, and respect and honor those beliefs. Marriage is defiantly viewed differently depending on where you live and differs all over the entire world. In this research paper you will hear about marriage practices all over the world alongRead MoreAnne Hutchinson1309 Words   |  6 Pageswas a puritan spiritual advisor whose strong religious convictions caught the attention of many puritans in the New England area. She was a key role model in the developing time of New England’s colonies and was also recognized for her contribution to the history of women’s m inistry. Hutchinson stood up for what she believed in, even when it wasn’t the popular opinion. She was and still is a role model for women and religious leaders all over the world. Born to a family with strong puritanRead MoreKohistani History Essay example987 Words   |  4 Pagesreach Thull, a Kohistani community that is found in the mountains near the border of Pakistan and Afghanistan, you have to make a hazarding trip on an endless dirt road that is unattainable in bad weather. The Kohistani are inherently a violent people who strongly believe in vengeance and had most of their fighting take place between descent groups. For the most part conflict was handled by local leaders, and there was usually no fatal accident due to a lack of fatal weapons. The lack of guns was dueRead MoreGender Equality And Gender Inequality1255 Words   |  6 Pagesworldwide issue our a nation has decided to pass a law were women and men are treated fairly in having equal opportunities, responsibilities and are equal regardless of their sex. This however is not the case, in society they discriminate and permit women and men to be equivalent to one another. It has been a problem for centuries all over the world. In society it’s stereotypical to believe that women are less than what men are.â€Å"Weve begun to raise daughters more like sons... but few have the courageRead MoreThe Main Goal Of The Nazis On The European Jews Essay1102 Words   |  5 Pages leaving just two days to think of them. Much preparatory work had been accomplished for the drafting of such laws before September 13, yet the men still needed to concur on their seriousness and dialect. They composed notes at meal time on menu cards as they compiled the laws that would choose the destiny of millions. Hitler had requested that these men make an interpretation of racial belief system into law. Surprisingly, the head of Reich Office for Genealogy Research, Dr. Kurt Mayer, found outRead MoreThe Reformers During Andrew Jackson979 Words   |  4 Pagesabolition, mental health care, education, religious reform, or women’s rights. Slavery has been a continuous altercation in abolishing it or keeping it. William Lloyed Garrison preached about abolition of slavery stating that slavery does not define Christians. Slaves have the right to have the same exact rights and freedom as a normal white American. As slavery was still going on, William questions what Christianity has done for our slave population. In a religious point of view, slavery is a national

Health and Environment for Disabilities- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Health and Environment for Diseases and Disabilities. Answer: Introduction The report explains the health and environment issues in New Zealand. It also explains various barrier of obesity in that country. It explains that how sociocultural, political, and environmental factors influence the obesity and overweight. Health and Environmental Issues in New Zealand The various environmental factors such as sociocultural, political, economic, and environmental factors play a significant role in human health. The people who are suffering from the mental illness, diseases, and disabilities affect the older people health. They are living alone due to the health and environmental issues (Gregory, 2014). The important reasons of ill health and premature death in New Zealand are such as cardiovascular disease and illness, cancer, bowel, breast, and prostate cancer. It is the main cause of illness and disease in New Zealand. The people also suffer from heart disease, motor vehicle injuries, respiratory disease and suicide (Miller Rivera, 2016). The hospital admissions are also burdened for the people due to the illness and sickness. The main causes of admission to hospital in New Zealand are such as injuries, pregnancy related admissions, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, hospital admission rates are increasing by approx 2% each year in New Zeala nd. The New Zealand has high rates of respiratory disease, cardiovascular cancer, and disease, suicide, and suicide compared to the other countries. The social and economic conditions affect the death, sickness, and disease of the human being. Low birth weight is another disease which increases health issues in old age. Low birth weight and death in infancy are another health cause and it increases the various health diseases in such country (Pearce, Richardson, Mitchell Shortt, 2011). Disability is the common disease in New Zealand and it affects the socio economic environment of the country. Obesity has become the major social and health issue in New Zealand which is faced by people in that country. There are many reasons of obesity and overweight which are discussed below. Consuming too many calories: Todays world many people are eating too much outside food. It is the main important reason of obesity in New Zealand. Therefore, people are consuming too much calories (Glz, Rosner, Hofreuter, Josenhans, Kreienbrock, Lwenstein, Alter, 2014). Leading a sedentary lifestyle: Many People are adopting a sedentary lifestyle with the entrance of computers, washing machine, remote, video game, television and other modern convenience. People do not walk in morning and their lifestyles are also not good so it enhances the obesity among people. Not sleeping enough: After the various researches, it has been found that people do not sleep on time. It will increase the obesity, stress, and frustration and it affects negatively the body of a person. Obesity gene and lower rates of smoking: The obesity gene and lower rate of smoking are another reason of obesity in New Zealand which influences the health and body of the people negatively. All these barriers influence the obesity in the New Zealand so it should be controlled by the government, people and other authorities (Costanza, Graumlich, Steffen, Crumley, Dearing, Hibbard Schimel, 2007). Conclusion Now it is concluded that obesity is the major issue in New Zealand so it should be controlled by the people. People should not use sugar drinks and fast food and they should reduce and prevent the obesity and overweight. References Costanza, R., Graumlich, L., Steffen, W., Crumley, C., Dearing, J., Hibbard, K., ... Schimel, D. (2007). Sustainability or collapse: what can we learn from integrating the history of humans and the rest of nature?AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment,36(7), 522-527. Glz, G., Rosner, B., Hofreuter, D., Josenhans, C., Kreienbrock, L., Lwenstein, A., ... Alter, T. (2014). Relevance of Campylobacter to public healththe need for a One Health approach.International Journal of Medical Microbiology,304(7), 817-823. Gregory, G. (2014). Tackling issues and initiating public debate: New Zealand Association of Scientists 197491.New Zealand Science Review 71 (4), 84-96. Miller, D. S., Rivera, J. D. (Eds.). (2016).Community disaster recovery and resiliency: Exploring global opportunities and challenges. CRC Press. Pearce, J. R., Richardson, E. A., Mitchell, R. J., Shortt, N. K. (2011). Environmental justice and health: a study of multiple environmental deprivation and geographical inequalities in health in New Zealand.Social science medicine,73(3), 410-420.

Tapeworm Essays - Cestoda, Helminthiases, Worm, Zoonoses

Tapeworm Kyle Biological Relationship In nature you see many biological relationship in which two living aninamls have a relationship. One animal will benefits from the other aninaml that animal which lives off the other benefits from that animal or could suffers. A tapeworm and a human are example of a parasitism. The way a human comes in contrats a tapeworm by eating uncooked meat then the tapeworm makes it self at home in the human body. Whenever the human eats food the tapeworm takes in all the food it need to live. The tapeworm makes sure that does not take all the food that the human puts in it body because if does that the human will not get the nautratin the human body needs to live. If the human with the tapeworm its in body dies then the tapeworm dies as well because its host is not able to get the food it need to live. If the tapeworm in a human body for some time the human body will lose mass amounts of weight because the tapeworm eats up all food you feed your body and you will still be living but you will b e very weak and not be able to go on with your everyday life. The only way for a human to get rid of a tapeworm is go to a doctor and have them put sharp blad down your throut and cut the head of the tapeworm off then your body will just get rid of tapeworm when you get rid of your waste. In the United States the tapeworm is not a very big problem because our goverment has hi standards about the meat the we eat in this country. Some countrys such as in Eurpoe you have be cautious about the meat you because they don't have such hi standards in as the US and getting a tapeworm would not be as much as big deal as it would be in the US. Science Essays

Paul Cezanne essays

Paul Cezanne essays Post Impressionism, as the name would suggest, is the art movement that directly followed Impressionism. One artist, who led the Post Impressionism movement, was French artist, Paul Czanne. Much of his early work was pure Impressionism and, although he was introduced to the style and guided by Camille Pissarro, Czanne's works showed a distinctive uniqueness. Czanne broke away from Impressionism because of the lack of composition; he felt the desire to depict subjects in the third dimension as well as appearing flat. Czanne did not agree with the Impressionistic trait of portraying the world through light, instead, he built up images by a generous use of colour. Czanne would distort objects and his works would often consist of numerous viewpoints on the one canvas. Czanne worked with and was greatly influenced by other Impressionists he associated with, including Degas, Monet, Pissarro and Renoir. It was Pissarro who guided Czanne and convinced him to break up the colour and use shorter brush strokes when painting; among Czanne's friends, Pissorro was the only one patient enough to teach him. Czanne also admired Romantic painter, Eugne Delacroix, who used colour instead of lines to define objects; this inspired him to endeavour his quest for composition using colour alone. Many aspects of Czanne's early works can be traced back to the compositions of Delacroix's works. Czanne strived to add form to Impressionism therefore he strayed from his peers, whom he believed lacked composition in their works. He did not have the same attraction towards light as did many Impressionist, he believed that the structure of objects should be portrayed through colour, not light, "I seek to render perspective only through colour". Czanne created the illusion of depth in his works by adding numerous layers of colour to distingu ...

Customs Regulations for Bringing Tobacco Into Canada

Customs Regulations for Bringing Tobacco Into Canada When returning to Canada, residents are generally given a personal exemption on goods they bring back with them from another country. But when it comes to tobacco products such as cigarettes, cigars, cigarillos, tobacco sticks and loose tobacco, this general exemption does not apply. However, Canadian residents and temporary residents of Canada returning from a trip outside Canada, as well as former Canadian residents returning to live in Canada, are allowed to bring a limited amount of these tobacco products into the country without having to pay duty or taxes under certain circumstances. When considering your return to Canada, remember that this duty-free allowance applies only if the tobacco accompanies you, and you have been outside Canada for more than 48 hours. Duty-Free Allowance When Returning With Tobacco A special duty will apply to cigarettes, tobacco sticks or manufactured tobacco unless the products  are marked DUTY  PAID CANADA DROIT ACQUITTÉ. Tobacco products sold at duty-free shops are marked this way. When returning to Canada with tobacco, these products are considered in units. Each bulleted item is considered one unit, and residents can return with  all of the following units: 200 cigarettes50 cigars or cigarillos200 grams (7 ounces) of manufactured tobacco200 tobacco sticks Bringing More or Other Tobacco Products Into Canada You may bring in more than the personal allowances of tobacco listed above as long as you pay full duties, taxes, and provincial or territorial fees on the extra. Canadian-made products marked DUTY PAID CANADA DROIT ACQUITTÉ are taken into account when customs officials calculate what you must pay. You can also bring unmarked tobacco products into Canada, and they will be assessed a special duty rate and taxes. Your personal duty-free allowance does not count for these unmarked tobacco products, and the limit for this tobacco is five total units from the bulleted list above.​   Tips for Clearing Customs With Tobacco To speed things up and simplify your return, have your tobacco products available for inspection when you arrive at the border.Be sure to declare all tobacco on a CBSA Declaration Card.Only residents 18 years or older can bring any tobacco back to Canada.Contact the  Canada Borders Services Agency  with any additional questions.

ITM501, Management Information Systems & Business Strategy, Mod 5 Case Essay

ITM501, Management Information Systems & Business Strategy, Mod 5 Case Assignment - Essay Example In todays world, IT knowledge cannot remain the same nor can it be thrown out. It must be grown and grown rapidly or with each new thing, it would mean going back to the beginning. In this case the team will need to do a structured analysis of the present system and of the new system to assure that where the corporation wants it to go is where it is headed. A structured analysis begins with a physical description of the current system and continues with a logical description of the system. It then ends with a logical description of the new system. This is all done in a partitioned data flow diagram. In other words, loss of the good things in the old system should not occur when the new system is adapted. Every system has a life cycle. A life cycle is a description of the distinct phases through which the IT process passes (Jirava, 2009). There are requirements which include definitions, concept design, production, operation, and maintenance. The time that the system is connected up to the time it is disposed of is considered. The team will need to consider several phases of the life cycle. Once the structured analysis is done, there is the requirements phase, development phase, operation phase, and retirement phase. Each of these should be considered and kept track of on a regular basis. This is where the corporation can win by having a well functioning IT team on premises. This way, this work goes on continuously instead of being scheduled on particular days or months. Jirava tells us (2009) that ":a life cycle is a set of procedures, some required and some optional which serve as a template for generating an individual design process. He reiterates that this is a top down, partitioned graphic model of the system to be and that there is huge importance of data definitions and scaled down specifications. There is also a need to have participatory

American Films and the Chinese Culture Research Proposal

American Films and the Chinese Culture - Research Proposal Example The research "American Films and the Chinese Culture" is meant to critically explore and exhaust the influence that films, especially those in the US have on the perceptions of people for the Chinese culture. This research is very important because everybody belongs to a culture. Furthermore, we are living in a globalized environment that values a cultural and racial diversity. To efficiently and effectively work together, it is important to understand the culture and values of other people. This would play a positive role in helping people to interact efficiently and effectively with each other. Having a wrong perception and the one which is negative concerning a particular culture may lead to stigmatization, discrimination, social labeling to the culture that is portrayed negatively. This would affect the development and growth of diversity in the international system. This research is therefore important because it would play a role in correcting the negative perceptions that people may have towards the Chinese culture. The culture under consideration is that the Chinese people are violent, majorly because of their Kung Fu cultural value. There is a considerable debate on the importance of Kung Fu amongst the Chinese people. However, controversy arises on the role of Kung Fu amongst the Chinese people. One side of the debate argues that Kung Fu is a violent cultural practice of the Chinese people. This is majorly because it promotes the use of martial arts, for purposes of killing the opponents of an individual.

Key Account Team (KAT) Essay Example for Free

Key Account Team (KAT) Essay As a result of the recent meltdown in mortgage-backed securities market, CB’s changed its internal processes so as to react competitively and increase its market share. Two key changes occurred: the creation of a Key Account Team (KAT) and the restructuring of the division-wide performance management system, which would help determine a salesperson’s annual compensation. Although there are some disadvantages to the new system, Winston should recommend the KAT concept to other regional managers. The new system not only helps managers have a well-rounded understanding of its salespeople’s performance, it also helps the company to allocated appropriate resources to money-making accounts. Because the taxable securities group represented 60% of total sales in the office, CB’s created KAT, a group of 5 highly specialized salespeople, to fulfill the need for more product expertise in higher margin segments. The advantage of having KAT was that customers now had salespeople who offered in-depth, technical advice on specific issues. Furthermore, Kat along with the new evaluation system increased the frequency of communication between the New York and Boston offices. Lastly, the new structure allowed the best salesperson to be focused on the product needing the most help. On the other hand, others argued that this change made it more complicated to make large, multiproduct trades because more people needed to be involved. Another con was that salespeople felt too specialized, thus, limiting their career prospects. Nevertheless, the change had generated higher profit per dollar of sales in the Boston Office. Additionally, with the new compensation system, commissions were driven by sales volumes in areas of specialization and not from demand in within the client base. This meant that there was an even higher possibility for salespeople to generate more income. Thus, specialized salespeople were compensated for this so called limitation, meaning that their inclination to leave the firm could be swayed. Although there are some disadvantages to becoming more specialized, CB has to accommodate its clients and their needs in order to be competitive. Therefore, Winston should recommend its new structure to other regional managers because it’ll make the company the one stop for companies looking for specialization in riskier segments.

My aim is to produce a line follower robot with a bump sensor Essay

My aim is to produce a line follower robot with a bump sensor which can reverse if it goes off course. Research: Line follower robots are most commonly produced to take part in competitions. The purpose of the line follower robot is to follow a line. The robot will only follow a line that is black against a white background or a white line against a black background. This is so that the sensors can distinguish a clear difference in light and so the robot can trace and follow the line. From my research I have decided to use infrared LED emitters (phototransistors). They are fairly cheap but work relatively well. To research into the project I was going to make I looked on the internet to find other examples of the line follower robots. I found many different variations and concentrated on the components used. I looked into books and gathered information on how to assemble the circuit on the breadboard and researched on how the components work. I have researched on the type of amplifiers I could use for the line follower. I will use an amplifier to increase the current as I am using low voltage. I looked on the Maplins website (www.maplins.co.uk) and decided to use the LM386 because it is suitable for low voltage applications and it is relatively cheap. Specification: * The robot has to be able to follow straight lines, curves and turn around corners * It has to follow a black line that is against a white background * It must work using one 9V battery * The robot must be able to reverse from any obstacle it hits * It should be able to function on its own (No help needed to guide it) * It should be small and light, easy to move and pick up if veered off course. * Should indicate what direction it will turn Generation of possible solutions: I could use 2 light dependant resistors to detect the difference in light reflected from the line. It would react quite slowly I could use two phototransistors which emit infrared beams onto the line. When less light is detected on the phototransistors there is less resistance thus allowing the motors to move. Sub-system development: My circuit had two designs combined. First is the line follower, which detects light and moves according to the line, and the other part is a bump sensor which when it stumbles across an obstacle it reverses, this is ... ...llowed the light. I also used an ammeter to check the current passing through the circuit. This confirmed that my circuit was working correctly. When I covered the phototransistors the there was around 0.4 A passing through. However, when I applied light onto the phototransistors (using an ordinary LED) I noticed that the reading on the ammeter was 8.6 A. this proves my theory that covering the phototransistors, it increases the resistance. Evaluation: My circuit works well and follows my specification. The motors move forward when light is placed and it and slow down when no light is present on the phototransistors. * Robot has the ability to move in s straight line, around curves and turn corners. * With the photo transistors it can follow a black line against a white background. * It works using a 9V battery * It has a relay which reverses the direction of the motors turning so it can move away from obstacles * It doesn’t require anyone to move it or guide it using a remote control. * It is light and easy to move so when it goes of course I am able to put it back on the line * Has two LEDs which indicate what direction it is turning

The American Indian Wilderness

The American Indian Wilderness In the essay, â€Å"The American Indian Wilderness†, Louis Owens presents a personal story to show a dramatic change in his point of view. His story revolves around a mind-altering experience in which he uses himself as the straw figure, allowing us to effectively see how he came to choose his new view and why it is better than the European view he once had. He successfully gains our trust and persuades his audience with three different personas: the unthinking, cocky businessman, the thoughtful and ashamed persona, and, at the end, the lecturing teacher.In the beginning, Owens uses the persona of the unthinking, cocky businessman. He is in the mountains to support and carry out â€Å"a plan of which [he] heartily approves. † (para. 2) He is at the extreme end of his way of thinking, believing that the Forest Service is right in their idea about wilderness. â€Å"At the end of those five days, not a trace of the shelter remained, and I fe lt good, very smug in fact, about returning the White Pass meadow to it’s â€Å"original† state. † (para. 3) He shows us that he has no doubts and completely agrees that in order to restore the wilderness, he must carry out the plan.As he heads back down the trail, he says that his, â€Å"mind was on the winter [he] was going to spend in sunny Arizona,† (para. 3) showing that there was no internal struggle over the burning of the shelter and that he truly felt that he had done his job to better the wilderness. This persona is effective because right off the bat, Owens draws us in by showing us that he has a story to tell. He doesn’t begin his story with a lecture about what the point of his essay is, as that would cause some of us to reject his theory right away.He successfully draws us into the story and slowly makes his point known while we’re all listening. By using himself as the straw figure, we are able to see how he arrived at his conc lusion and we find ourselves more willing to listen to what he has to say. We can see that this is a man with experience. We’re able to relate to him and see how his thoughts begin. Most of us can relate because, like him, we go about our day without analytically thinking about what we’re doing. If society says it’s right, then most likely we will feel good that we are doing what society ells us is good, just like what Owens does and feels. Once he gains our trust and understanding, he’s ready to lead us into the next part of his story. He now assumes his ashamed and thoughtful persona. As the women approach, he feels, â€Å"growing amazement that, by the time [they] were face-to-face, had become awe. † (para. 4) From the beginning, he has a sudden respect for these two women. We can already see that when they speak to him, he will listen, that he will be open and trusting of what they have to say.Upon hearing that they are on their way to White Pa ss, Owens completely changes his persona. Now, instead of showing the confidence and smugness he did with his original persona, he now shows that he is ashamed and calls himself ignorant. â€Å"I wanted to excuse myself, to edge around these elders and flee to the trailhead and my car, drive back to the district station and keep going south. † (para. 9) He shows us the inner conflict he is experiencing and his reaction to the news he has heard.At the moment, he hasn’t quite come to grips with his new point of view. He begins to feel ashamed, not because he realizes his view on the wilderness is wrong, but because he feels guilt about the shelter. He shows us that at this point, he feels guilty because he has betrayed his culture. In paragraph nine, he feels as if he ought to justify what he has done when he wants to say, â€Å"I’m Indian too.. † This is the beginning of his thinking process to change his point of view. Adding to his guilt is the sisterâ⠂¬â„¢s reactions. I expected outrage, anger, sadness, but instead the sisters continued to smile at me, their smiles changing only slightly. † (para. 10) Now, he realizes that he has broken the connection between part of his heritage and his way of life. This opens the doors for his careful reconsideration of his way of thinking. This works to persuade us because Owens has already gained our trust with his first persona. When he goes through an experience that calls for his change in thought, we accept that perhaps our thought out to be reevaluated as well.Owens disregards his cockiness towards his feelings of righteousness when he sees that perhaps his ideas are wrong. We can see that Owens is not out to gain points for himself, or else he wouldn’t have thought twice about his experience. He is open to reconsideration and change. Owens is willing to change all of his ways of doing things because he realizes that they are wrong. A man that is willing to admit to his own mistakes and make changes to a way of life that he had grown to believe in has no ulterior motives. We can see that Owens only interest is in what’s best for the wilderness.Thus, we are able trust his judgments and are more willing to hear him out, to trust whatever his new conceptions may be. Now that we realize our way of thinking is wrong, we are ready to hear how we should be thinking. Effectively, Owens now changes to his lecturing teacher persona, telling us of a better way to think, â€Å"In embracing a philosophy that saw the White Pass Shelter – and all traces of humanity – as a shameful stain upon their â€Å"pure† wilderness, I had succumbed to a five-hundred-year-old pattern of deadly thinking that separates us from the natural world. (para. 11) This statement is incredibly strong and convincing. Owens has already provided us with an emotional connection to him and has shown that he is more knowledgeable because of his experience. We are wil ling to trust in his judgment and his knowledge, so we readily accept his interpretation of what is right for the wilderness. In his final statements, he influences us with a bang by stating at what extremes the European way of thinking will lead us to:Unless Americans, and all human beings, can learn to imagine themselves as intimately and inextricably related to every aspect of the world they inhabit, with the extraordinary responsibilities such relationship entails – unless they can learn what the indigenous peoples of the Americas knew and often still know – the earth simply will not survive (para. 12). We know that Owens best interest is in caring for and preserving the wilderness. Throughout the entire story, he vividly describes to us how he sees nature’s beauty.In the first paragraph, he opens with, â€Å"In the center of the Glacier Peak Wilderness in northern Washington, a magnificent, fully glaciated white volcano rises over a stunningly beautiful re gion of the North cascades. † His entire essay is filled with small details that show us how observant he is of nature and how much he enjoys it. Later on, after he changes his view on what wilderness is, he compares how natural the shelters are to the ecosystem, â€Å"as the burrows of marmots in the steep scree slopes. † (para. 2) Even though his view changes, he doesn’t change his mind about how much he cares about nature. He expresses so much respect and awe at nature’s beauty, that we know he cares about it and it’s best interest is his. Because of this, we know that his best interest is in doing what’s best for nature. We are ab! le to trust his judgment and assume that he knows better than us from his experiences. It’s easy for us to adopt his way of thinking because of his knowledge and honest concern in doing what’s best. In conclusion, Owens effectively uses persona’s to gain the readers trust.His cocky, busines sman persona shows us that he does have faults, while his ashamed and thoughtful persona shows us that he is willing to admit and change his faults if it betters the initial job he set out to do: protect the wilderness. His final persona, the lecturing teacher points out the right way of thinking about humans and their relationship to the wilderness. He convinces us that it’s time to think about our actions and their effect. With this, Owens has effectively used three different personas to persuade his audience.

Accounting-People Oriented”

Is the hotel service of the highest frequency words in one, but how to understand the â€Å"people-oriented†, and fell at the service Implementation, but not so simple. Four Seasons Hotel prior to the opening trial of business is not facing society, but to face the staff, commissioning a month, the staff try to eat a month, identify problems, stop at any time, In order to ensure the quality of the opening one hundred percent. This Is a people – the guests when the hotel can not be â€Å"Guiana pigs.From this concept, the Four Seasons Hotel is no interns. Employees must be strengthened into the store a series of training to meet the requirements of posts, appointment is a formal work – services must be perfect for guests, not the internship process. A defect In the current hotel is the rooms, restaurants, PA, recreational and other first-line lack of understanding among the various departments, the hotel also provides that employees of various departments can not â€Å"string Kong,† and this will inevitably affect the overall service quality and team spirit.The last of a series of raining is to allow employees to do the day the guests, In addition to free room arrangements, and the other 600 distributed to staff, the staff wear casual consumption in the hotel, dining, fitness, the bar can be, requiring employees to stand in the guest point of the hotel experience, understanding customers. Proceeding to create a high degree of satisfaction with the service, and also from the beginning so that employees of various departments of the hotel have a comprehensive understanding facilitate future communication and coordination among departments.Four Seasons Hotel â€Å"people-oriented† high level of protection is n important embodiment of the guests right to privacy and equal respect for each guest. This Is, in our country, both conceptual Issues, but also the difficulty of the operation, while the Four seasons Hotel In respect of hum an rights Is the undying honor. – To the room, into the elevator key card to be plugged in, it stopped back in the appropriate floor. The hotel public areas without permission will be allowed to take pictures, because many people In public places, even seemingly private photos, but the background may still be related to other people, which have generated the aground of the possible infringement, which is strictly prohibited . If you really need camera can tell you specifically for the hotel arrangements. Each house guests are all equal, even if there is an important guests arrived, the hotel main entrance Is still to be set aside for dally guest channel and out of lanes and not allow sealed. If there is a conflict, the Four Seasons Hotel would rather not take the PIP guests have to absolutely guarantee the normal conditions of service. – Do not allow media access to the lobby guests take photos, such as: David Buckram's â€Å"Posh† wife to Shanghai, the toll cor doned off at the door, the media must not go beyond.The more so, is the absolute guarantee that the store's environmental quality, the guests privacy and freedom of movement. Media sometimes complained, but the principle unswervingly adhere to the Four Seasons Hotel. Personalized Four Seasons service quality is the bigger and more extreme, the cost of large, difficult to have the hotel can afford. SYNC TV united States President to Shanghai, the hotel Immediately contact professional organizations in Shanghai, the purchase of decoders, dedicated to the 1 OFFSYNC line II rooms Witt Conic's channels Ana a Selene well-producer special programs; to the president of Pepsi-cola, the room All put on PepsiCo products; Philips president stayed, the rooms are full of Philips lighting replaced; Toast's chairman, the head of the bed put a label marked with the model of Toyota cars; Samsung Electronics Company President of stay, hotel suites spared no expense to the other brands of high plasma T V removed and replaced by the latest models Samsung products.These benefits not only the boss, that is, a child, but also an equal footing. To store that also brought along a couple of old child, a child of the hotel immediately coupled with bathrobes, slippers and children, balloons and other small toys, extra bed is also consistent with the child's height. It can be said, as long as visitor information, the Four Seasons Hotel are fully in place beforehand.Never use the hotel services, car floor, because the car, then most of the time during the day there are services out of the way the surface floor, guests have to sidle over, rude, tasteless, garbage bags on board the service, not elegant, another odor. At the same mime, there is baggage car floor, but there will be impact phenomena. Each floor of the hotel which had a small linen, the maintenance of daily turnover.Rooms at the Four Seasons hotel, only one printed on both sides â€Å"do not disturb† the morning of the plat e, but not â€Å"come forward to clean† message. Shop CLC said that if there â€Å"dashing clean†, which means that the hotel's commitment to the guests, it is not able to be kept. If the same floor a number of guests 10 rooms, while immediate cleaning is not feasible, and the guests is not to immediately clean up the worry level. Therefore, the hotel prompted guests, as long as the call to immediately clean up, immediately put in place, we must meet.The clean rooms and facilities engineering maintenance rooms must close the door, this is for hotel guests and staff security and privacy considerations. Close the door, the staff will hang outside the card – â€Å"We are cleaning your room. † Room table, covered with high-strength glass, in fact, everyone knows the problem, at home, in the office, all on the table, and the public use of the hotel room table, glass and India produce, and even cigarette butts, there ill be hot scorch , which gives the guests h ave the old sense of being damaged.Covered with glass, to resolve to the problem. Of course, under glass do not go into this kind of written material, a messy desktop, visual, taste is reduced. Of course, the name of such services, such as customers, it is essential. Floor attendant pocket has a piece of paper on which was written the name of this floor guests, guest name to see the greeting guests pay tribute to revered. The world has a different pronunciation of the language features, the hotel guests of different nationalities can best be understood.

Free Essays on Great Gatsby Essay

The Great Gatsby Style Analysis Essay When Nick Carraway comes to the east the only thing that he finds amusing is Jay Gatsby. Gatsby has only one goal that he wants to achieve in his life; that goal is to get Daisy, who is Nick’s cousin, to love him as she did before he left for marine duty. Gatsby describes his experiences with Daisy to Nick as one of his best and tells him that he would love to have that back in his life. This creates a mental image in Nick’s mind and coerces him to think about it extensively. It even goes as far as Nick dreaming about the beautiful relationship that Gatsby and Daisy once had. He initially establishes a very beautiful tone as he describes their kind and loving relationship. However, as he comes closer to the reality he faces much confusion and questions their one-sided relationship. He wants the reader to feel the compassion and a sense of confusion at the same time. The relationship between Daisy and Gatsby is doubtful and has much confusion. It is full of â€Å"mysterious excitement.† While they do seem to have some compassion towards each other, Daisy seems to be more concerned with Gatsby’s past social status. Gatsby on the other hand, has true love for Daisy and it is his life long dream to cherish her forever. There is â€Å"darkness† in their relationship as Daisy does not have any sense of dignity or shame. She is a very confused person herself as her husband is cheating on her and is continually abusing her, but she still sides with him and has no problem being tormented by him for the rest of her life. Gatsby himself has been â€Å"confused and disordered† since Daisy left him. He continuously thinks about the past and tries to make it return but is unsuccessful. He has dedicated his whole life to Daisy’s impure love. The relationship has not only destroyed Gatsby’s life, but also has caused ma jor disruptions in Daisy’s personal life. The experience and love that Daisy and Ga... Free Essays on Great Gatsby Essay Free Essays on Great Gatsby Essay The Great Gatsby Style Analysis Essay When Nick Carraway comes to the east the only thing that he finds amusing is Jay Gatsby. Gatsby has only one goal that he wants to achieve in his life; that goal is to get Daisy, who is Nick’s cousin, to love him as she did before he left for marine duty. Gatsby describes his experiences with Daisy to Nick as one of his best and tells him that he would love to have that back in his life. This creates a mental image in Nick’s mind and coerces him to think about it extensively. It even goes as far as Nick dreaming about the beautiful relationship that Gatsby and Daisy once had. He initially establishes a very beautiful tone as he describes their kind and loving relationship. However, as he comes closer to the reality he faces much confusion and questions their one-sided relationship. He wants the reader to feel the compassion and a sense of confusion at the same time. The relationship between Daisy and Gatsby is doubtful and has much confusion. It is full of â€Å"mysterious excitement.† While they do seem to have some compassion towards each other, Daisy seems to be more concerned with Gatsby’s past social status. Gatsby on the other hand, has true love for Daisy and it is his life long dream to cherish her forever. There is â€Å"darkness† in their relationship as Daisy does not have any sense of dignity or shame. She is a very confused person herself as her husband is cheating on her and is continually abusing her, but she still sides with him and has no problem being tormented by him for the rest of her life. Gatsby himself has been â€Å"confused and disordered† since Daisy left him. He continuously thinks about the past and tries to make it return but is unsuccessful. He has dedicated his whole life to Daisy’s impure love. The relationship has not only destroyed Gatsby’s life, but also has caused ma jor disruptions in Daisy’s personal life. The experience and love that Daisy and Ga...

Biography of Maria Stewart, Activist and Abolitionist

Biography of Maria Stewart, Activist and Abolitionist Maria W. Stewart (1803–December 17, 1879) was an American activist, abolitionist, and lecturer. A contributor to The Liberator, Stewart was active in progressive circles and influenced groups such as the New England Anti-Slavery Society. After her career as a lecturer came to an end, she worked as a schoolteacher in Washington, D.C. Fast Facts: Maria W. Stewart Known For: Stewart was an activist against racism and sexism; she was the first known American-born woman to publicly lecture to audiences that included both women and men.Also Known As: Maria MillerBorn: 1803 in Hartford, ConnecticutDied: December 17, 1879 in Washington, D.C.Published Works: Meditations from the Pen of Mrs. Maria W. StewartSpouse: James W. Stewart (m. 1826-1829) Early Life Maria Stewart was born Maria Miller in Hartford, Connecticut. Her parents names and occupations are not known, and 1803 is the best guess of her birth year. Stewart was orphaned by age 5 and became an indentured servant, bound to serve a clergyman until she was 15. She attended Sabbath schools and read widely in the clergymans library, educating herself to make up for her lack of formal schooling. Boston When she was 15, Maria began supporting herself by working as a servant, continuing her education in Sabbath schools. In 1826, she married James W. Stewart, taking not only his last name but also his middle initial. James Stewart, a shipping agent, had served in the War of 1812 and had spent some time in England as a prisoner of war. With her marriage, Stewart became part of Bostons small free black middle class. She became involved in some of the institutions of the black community, including the Massachusetts General Colored Association, which worked for the immediate abolition of slavery. James W. Stewart died in 1829; the inheritance he left to his widow was taken from her through long legal action by the white executors of her husbands will, and she was left without funds. Stewart had been inspired by the African-American abolitionist David Walker, and when he died six months after her husband died, she went through a religious conversion in which she became convinced that God was calling her to become a warrior for God and for freedom and for the cause of oppressed Africa. Writer and Lecturer Stewart became connected with the work of abolitionist publisher William Lloyd Garrison after he advertised for writings by black women. She came to his papers office with several essays on religion, racism, and slavery, and in 1831 Garrison published her first essay, Religion and the Pure Principles of Morality, as a pamphlet. Stewart also began public speaking- at a time when Biblical injunctions against women teaching were interpreted to prohibit women from speaking in public- to mixed audiences that included men. Frances Wright had created a public scandal by speaking in public in 1828; historians know of no other American-born public woman lecturer before Stewart. The Grimkà © sisters, often credited as the first American women to lecture in public, were not to begin their speaking until 1837. For her first address, in 1832, Stewart spoke before an audience of women at the African American Female Intelligence Society, one of the institutions founded by the free black community of Boston. Speaking to that audience, Stewart used the Bible to defend her right to lecture and spoke on both religion and justice, advocating activism for social equality. The text of the talk was published in Garrisons newspaper on April 28, 1832. On September 21, 1832, Stewart delivered a second lecture, this time to an audience that also included men. She spoke at Franklin Hall, the site of the New England Anti-Slavery Society meetings. In her speech, she questioned whether free blacks were much more free than slaves, given the lack of opportunity and equality they had. She also questioned the move to send free blacks back to Africa. Garrison published more of her writings in his abolitionist newspaper, The Liberator, under the heading the Ladies Department. In 1832, Garrison published the second pamphlet of her writings as Meditations from the Pen of Mrs. Maria Stewart. On February 27, 1833, Maria Stewart delivered her third public lecture, African Rights and Liberty, at the African Masonic Hall. Her fourth and final Boston lecture was a Farewell Address on September 21, 1833, when she addressed the negative reaction that her public speaking had provoked, expressing both her dismay at having little effect and her sense of divine call to speak publicly. Then she moved to New York. In 1835, Garrison published a pamphlet with her four speeches plus some essays and poems, Productions of Mrs. Maria W. Stewart, which likely inspired other women to begin public speaking. New York In New York, Stewart remained an activist, attending the 1837 Womens Anti-Slavery Convention. A strong advocate for literacy and educational opportunities for African-Americans and women, she supported herself by teaching in public schools in Manhattan and Brooklyn, eventually becoming an assistant to the principal of the Williamsburg School. She was also active there in a black womens literary group. Stewart supported Frederick Douglass newspaper, The North Star, but did not write for it. Baltimore and Washington, D.C. Stewart moved to Baltimore in 1852 or 1853, apparently after losing her teaching position in New York. There, she taught privately. In 1861, she moved to Washington, D.C., where she taught school during the Civil War. One of her friends in the city was Elizabeth Keckley, a former slave and seamstress to First Lady Mary Todd Lincoln. Keckley would soon publish her own memoir, Behind the Scenes: Or, Thirty Years a Slave and Four Years in the White House. While continuing her teaching, Stewart was appointed to head housekeeping at the Freedmans Hospital and Asylum in the 1870s. A predecessor in this position was Sojourner Truth. The hospital had become a haven for former slaves who had come to Washington. Stewart also founded a neighborhood Sunday school. Death In 1878, Stewart discovered that a new law made her eligible for a widows pension for her husbands service in the Navy during the War of 1812. She used the eight dollars a month, including some retroactive payments, to republish Meditations from the Pen of Mrs. Maria W. Stewart, adding material about her life during the Civil War and also adding some letters from Garrison and others. This book was published in December 1879; on the 17th of that month, Maria Stewart died in the hospital in which she worked. She was buried in Washingtons Graceland Cemetery. Legacy Stewart is best remembered today as a pioneering public speaker and progressive icon. Her work influenced the anti-slavery and womens rights movements of the 19th century. Sources Collins, Patricia Hill. Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness and the Politics of Empowerment. 1990.Hine, Darlene Clark. Black Women in America: The Early Years, 1619-1899. 1993.Leeman, Richard W. African-American Orators. 1996.Richardson, Marilyn. Maria W. Stewart, Americas First Black Woman Political Writer: Essays and Speeches. 1987.

Read the article then write essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Read the article then write - Essay Example rk, headquartered in Melno Park, California, US., had over 8,350 employees in the same time with Mark Zuckerberg serving as chairman and CEO while Sheryl Sandberg stands in as the COO. The company is traded as NASDAQ:FB in the stock exchange market (Harvell, 24-30). Facebook was founded in February 4th 2004 and served only small regions in the United States in the next one year. However, in the following years, that is, from 2005 to date, the site has been operational worldwide (as it is now used by various individuals, organizations and governments) with its global presence ever increasing. The founders at the beginning had restricted membership only to students of Harvard but later allowed membership in neighboring colleges in Boston such as Stanford University and the Ivy League. Currently, through its webpage, www.facebook.com, the site permits persons over age 13 to register as members then create for themselves user profiles, add other users as friends, like other brands/ persons/ groups, post photos and status updates, receive numerous relevant notifications, share videos and exchange messages (Harvell, 65-81). I recently engaged and observed a few people in my quest to find out just how much the social network has changed people’s lives and dramatically revolutionized their ways of doing and seeing things. The results and views are quite frankly overwhelming with most persons able to cite with utmost confidence the numerous advantages and disadvantages of engaging the site. Mrs. Gordon, for instance, appreciates the fact that through Facebook, she has been able to successfully reconnect with long lost friends especially from her college years simply by typing their names, searching for them then sending them messages/ adding them as friends. She quips, â€Å"I have reacquired friends whose contacts I had lost long ago and dear people who I thought I would never see or talk to again through Facebook.† Moreover, Mrs. Gordon argues that Facebook is the most

Advising the client,site and location analysis Assignment

Advising the client,site and location analysis - Assignment Example While the initial construction of factories was solely based on their functionality as a mechanism for the mass production of goods, giving little consideration to the environmental or social ramifications of its existence, the architects of the MAS Intimates facility sought to counteract this trend by creating a structure that would allow every occupant to enjoy the fresh air, natural light, comfortable surroundings, and beautiful outdoor views of intact natural settings within their work environment (Holcim, 2008). Such considerations have allowed MAS Intimates to surpass the traditional model of the factory to create an extraordinary facility that is not a detriment to the environment, but an asset to the ecosystem in which it occupies (Holcim, 2008). From the humble beginnings of a small factory sweatshop in Ratmalana with 26 sewing machines and 60 employees purchased by three brothers in 1986 (Business Superbrands) and revitalized by MAS Holdings in 2006, MAS has grown into a wo rkplace in unison with nature that has significantly diminished its carbon footprint through carbon-neutral power sources and uses 25-40% less energy than companies of the same magnitude (Holcim, 2008; MAS Intimates Thurulie, 2009). ... This plan was initiated as a 340 million (USD), five-year, company-wide environmental and social sustainability program consisting of a hundred points to be achieved by 2012, including establishing green factories that supply goods to Marks & Spencer (MAS Intimates Thurulie, 2009). MAS Intimates Thurulie was the first purpose-built green clothing factory in the world to be designed in compliance with USGBC (U.S. Green Building Council) standards for green buildings and to attempt to qualify for LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certification (Holcim, 2008). MAS Fabric Park cost 2.66 million (USD), which Marks & Spencer partially financed in the amount of 400,000 (USD), paying for the majority of the green design and the largest photovoltaic system in Sri Lanka (MAS Intimates Thurulie, 2009). The concept of sustainable construction seeks to incorporate the concepts of fairness and respectful treatment to everyone throughout the design, construction, use, and recycli ng of buildings and cities (Holcim, 2008) and the ecological design of the factory was conceived as an ethical response to consumers demanding stronger environmental stewardship from the businesses they patronized (MAS Intimates Thurulie, 2009). The new MAS Fabric Park factory has renewed a historic industrial center and reestablished a local economic base while providing sustainable long-term employment for 1,300 neighborhood inhabitants (Holcim, 2008). In the renewal of the Thulhiriya Textile Mills, 75% of the MAS Intimates Thurulie spatial area has been left in its natural state left to nature and managed as a habitat for the native flora and fauna (see Appendices 1-5) (Holcim, 2008). In the landscaping of the new site, approximately 400 trees

Introduction to Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Introduction to Business Law - Essay Example In matters concerning offer and acceptance, communication is of paramount importance. In the given case, Eddie telephoned Adele on Monday to ask for quote for the delivery of 12 wild boar piglets to the Eagle Pub. This is not an offer. It is a mere inquiry and it does not amount to an offer. Adele informed Eddie that the piglets would cost ?1,100 each and would be delivered on Thursday morning at a cost of ?150. This is again just a piece of information and not an offer. Eddie was satisfied with the price but wanted the delivery to be made on Wednesday. From the facts, the conduct of Eddie is such that it can be construed that this was an offer. Adele promised to give an answer on the next morning via fax. She sent a fax next morning confirming that the delivery was possible on Wednesday and it would cost ?13,350 in total. According to the given facts, Eddie was not in his office on Tuesday morning. If the courts are convinced that the aforementioned offer by Eddie was a valid offer, his absence from his office on Tuesday morning would be immaterial. A question can be raised whether Adele’s fax’s communication to Jane was enough. It would also be immaterial. It is because of the establishment of ‘Postal Rule’. In Adams v Lindsell 1818 EWHC KB J59, the defendants offered the plaintiffs through a letter to sell some fleeces of wool and asked them to answer via post. The plaintiffs received the letter late due to misdirection but posted their acceptance right away. Before their acceptance could reach the defendants, the defendants contracted with another party to sell the wool. Almost a similar scenario was encountered in Henthorn v Fraser 1892 2 Ch 27. The courts, therefore, specified a definite time of acceptance via post. The acceptance of an offer would be deemed to have been made when the letter of acceptance is posted and is out of the power of the offeree. This rule can also be stretched to communications with fax. Adele’s acceptance was made when she sent the fax to Eddie’s office. It does not matter whether Eddie saw the fax or not. Since the offer was accepted, the object was legal, both parties had consideration and there was an intention to create legal relations, a contract had formed and was legally binding on both the parties. It had formed at the time when the acceptance was made. Eddie is wrong in his thinking that he owes nothing to Adele. His contract with Peter is a breach of contract with Adele. He can be sued for damages by Adele for his breach of contract. The damages would amount to a sum that puts Adele in such a financial position in which she would have been if there was no breach by Eddie. However, Adele would not be able to recover the loss of ?400. It is because the loss was too remote. In Hadley v Baxendale 1854 9 Exch 341, the defendant contracted to take the plaintiff’s mill shaft to London where it was to be used as a model to build a new one. Due to defendantà ¢â‚¬â„¢s fault, the shaft was returned late and it caused the plaintiff to lose profits. The plaintiff sued to recover damages for loss of profits. It was held that the loss caused was too remote and it could not have been recovered. Therefore, by the application of above case, Eddie would not have to compensate Adele for lost profits of ?400. Answer 2 In the given case, Adele went to Bambi Stores Ltd to purchase some animal feed. She was absolutely unalarmed and unwarned when she was hit by a fork-lift truck driven by

Performance Management At General Motors (GM)

Performance Management At General Motors (GM) The following assignment explores General Motors Europe in four dimensions as set out by learning outcome spertaining to performance management module. The four learning outcomes (LO) would measure, LO1: Setting GME performance targets to meet strategic objectives. LO2: Agreement on team performance targets and subsequent contribution to meet those objectives. LO3: Monitoring and control process for the goals. LO4: Politics of personal interaction of Sir Leahy. A discussion on his leadership, persuasion and influencing skills. In order to achieve these learning objectives, the author has drawn upon from his practical work experience together with the primary and secondary research through various resources. This article would primarily be divided into two segments within the domain of learning objectives as defined above. The division would be between Performance Management and Performance Measurement. Performance is defined as potential for future successful implementation of actions in order to reach the objectives and targets. The article shows that performance is constructed by the management system and by managers from his own experience of working at GME and taking a more macro view of the organisation. Performance management explains performance measurement and gives it meaning. (Lebas, 1995) Setting performance target to meet strategic objectives General Motors, one of the worlds largest automakers. GME was founded in 1908 by William C. Durant. GM headquarters is in Detroit, GM employs 209,000 people in every major region of the world and does business in more than 120 countries. GM has been the global automotive sales leader since 1931.GM and its strategic business partners produce cars and trucks in 31 countries, and sell and service these vehicles through the following brands: Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Daewoo, Holden, Isuzu, Jiefang, Opel, Vauxhall, and Wuling. GMs largest national market is China, followed by the United States, Brazil, the United Kingdom, Germany, Canada, and Russia. General Motors Europe acquired operations from General Motors Corporation on July 10, 2009, and references to prior periods in this and other press materials refer to operations of the old General Motors Corporation. GME is running business with revenue of $135.6 billion (GME, 2010a). GME is using different performance management tools . In this assignment score card methodology is discussed that GME is using. Balance Score Card can be used as a short and long term fortheir financial and non financial performance measurement. There are four parts of balance score card; financial perspective, internal business perspective, customers perspective,learning and growth perspective. Balance Score Card is like your cars dash boardwhere there is indicator on as you drive, you can look at the dashboard to obtain real-time information such as how fuel, speed and the distance youve traveled or even anyfaulty system etc.Its known to help companies and implement the changes required to meet their business goals (Pangakar Kirkwood, 2007). The balance score cardenables the companies to develop a more comprehensive view of their operations andto better match all operating and investment activities to long- and short-term strategic objectives (Punniyamoorthy Murali, 2008). Link of each perspective in the Balance Score Card (BCS) High performance work system (HPWS) is also another method to explain the situation in General Motors. Independent work teams, open systems and performance-based pay are known collectively as high-performance work systems (Rouse, 2000). HPWS have also come to be known as high involvement work systems, flexible work systems and high commitment work systems (Aghazadeh Seyedian, 2004) In other words, they are simply work practice that can be deliberately introduced in order to improved organizational performance. The main focus of HPWS is rearranging work so that the employees participate in decisions that affect the everyday operations of an organization. There are three potential factors that can affect high performance work system in General Motors; retrenchment of workers, technology used and layout design. A worker is the key success to any organization. Retrenchment will cause General Motors to lose talented workers subsequently lose competitive edge. To survive in the changing environment, a company must rely on their workers creativity, ingenuity problem solving ability and strong team work. Workers are able to make their own decision on the best way to accomplish their work. The knowledge and skill shared will create a high performance work system. For example, an engineer in General Motors is developing a fuel efficient engine. Engineer A may need assistants from Engineer B, however when GM decided to retrench workers, Engineer A will face difficulty in developing the engine. Performance of employee can be boost through team works. A study by Thompson, Baughan and Motwani indicates that company such as General Motors, Proctor Gamble, Xerox Corporation had huge increase productivity as high as 250 percent and double their profit (1998). The use of technology is another feature in High Performance Work System. All managers in every department of General Motors are able to identify the technology they use in their organization. The application of Human Resource Information System that can store information on workers that can assist managers in deciding which employee is performing and which is not. The use of technology without human operating it is also meaningless. Managers in General Motor can identify whether the qualified workers are able to operate the tools or not. 1.1 The link between team performance and strategic objectives As it is clear from the figure that all the perspectives link eachother. So all the four parts directly effect the strategic objectives of the company. This principle is used at strategic level. 1.1.1 Organisations Strategic Objectives Goals of GME Lead in advanced technologies and quality in creating the worlds best vehicles Give employees more responsibility and authority and then hold them accountable Create positive, lasting relations with customers, dealers, communities, union partners and suppliers to drive our operating success Strategic Objectives of Organisations Financial Growth: Increase the revenues, gross profit and sales. Financial Efficiency: To improve overall productivity. Current Customer: To expand sales to existing customers, To increase customer retention, To increase customer loyalty, To create and use a customer database. New Customer: Introduce existing products into a new market, Anticipate future customer needs through customer feedback. Customer Service: Improve our service approach for new and existing customers. Product/Service/Program Managment: To have all product meet standard of  excellence guideline. Operations Managment: To continually improve internal process to realize  efficiencies, Capitalize on physical facilities (location, capacity, etc.) Improve organizational structure.Redirect or restructure  available resources. Technology Managment: Increase efficiencies through use of wireless or virtual  technology. Communication Management: Improve internal communications. Customer Management: Acquire enhanced CRM data mining capabilities. Marketing Management: To continuously broaden our customer database by  getting new information on customer characteristics  and needs. Develop and implement a promotional plan to drive  increased business. Channel Management: To aggressively strengthen our upstream channels. Improve the distributor and supplier relationships. People: To hire, develop and maintain the right people, in the right place Employ professionals who create success for customers. Training:Develop broad set of skills useful for customer support. To develop the leadership abilities and potential of our team. Strategic Objectives of GME Integrity: We will stand for honesty and trust in everything we do. We will say what we believe and do what we say. Continuous Improvement: We will set ambitious goals, stretch to meet them, and then raise the bar again and again. We believe that everything can be done better, faster and more effectively in a learning environment. Customer Enthusiasm: We will dedicate ourselves to products and services that create enthusiastic customers. No one will be second-guessed for doing the right things for the customer. Teamwork: We will win by thinking and acting together as one General Motors team, focused on global leadership. Our strengths are our highly skilled people and our diversity. Innovation: We will challenge conventional thinking, explore new technology and implement new ideas, regardless of their source, faster than the competition. Individual Respect and Responsibility: We will be respectful of the individuals we work with, and we will take personal responsibility for our actions and the results of our work. Sourse: gm.com 1.1.2 Workforce requirements that are capable of achieving the  organisations objectives General Motors Europe is using the hierarchical approach. In this method each and every employee is controlled by the respective supervisor. And each supervisor gives the performance report of the employee to the top management. In GME every employee is loyal. The company place the right employee to the right job to achieve the objectives of the organisation. There are 209,000 employs of the company. Each and every employee get the proper training for its job which helps the organisation to achieve the objectives with the help of compitent employs. 1.2 Tools and Techniques available to set team performance targets The following important purposes are derived from different resourses including General Motors website,articles,General Motors final reports. The operational performances of GME are reported and viewed on the quarterly at board level and than the summary report is send to the top management. The performance of employs are checked with the help of score card. I gives the daily performance measurement which could be also used for the long term strategic purposes. Daily , weekly and monthly targets are reviewed regularly. An important consideration is to make sure the objectives remain appropriate and robust measures of performance in the company. GME core purpose is to create value for customers to earn their lifetime loyalty. GME,s success depends on customers. The customers who shop with them and the people who work for them. If customers like what the company offer, they are more likely to come back and shop with them again. If the GME team find what the company does rewarding, they are more likely to go that extramile to help their customers. 1.2.1 Processes that deliver outcomes based on organisational goals and aims GME use balanced score card methodology throughout its organisational operations. Every department change the balance score card according to their needs. These performances are measured during team meetings at lower level and is discussed at strategic level. 1.2.2 Appropriate methods for evaluating performance Each and every employee has Personal Development Planning folder. This folder contains all the performance appraisals, the training already given and the future training needs and some departmental performance data. Again the score card helps the company to identify the improvement . 1.2.3 Review capacity and capability of current work force Using the current work force GME has become the largest company and employer in Europe private sector.GME is still expanding by leaps and bounds and earning higher profit than before.The market has enough labour to cater for the recruitment at Europe level. However, for international operations,the recruitment is carried out at local countries. With the current workforce of 209,000 people, the company is more than capable to sustain itself against any future expansion plans. 1.2.4 Plans to meet long term, medium and short term requirements Increase General Motors U.S. market share to 33% Improve customer satisfaction as evidence by points of market share, not fractions GMs Future Hydrogen Power Plans (Mike Floyd, 2010) GM Cuts Unnecessary Spending GM Sales Soar 11.4 Percent In March On Market Shift First Posted: 04/ 1/11 Medical plan and insurance for the employs All of these plans meet the objectives criteria and are in alignment with the growth. 1.2.5 communicate workforce plan GME communicates above mentioned plans through its staff briefings, pamphlets, staff benefits periodical, staffs own website, intranet, films and advertising. The use of flexi hours is very popular in organisation at GME due to the nature of people doing part timer jobs at operational end therefore each department maintains a rota and extra hours available folder through which employees can communicate and leave message for each other along with using staff message boards. The formal training program in GME consists of five components, of which the first three are available through GM University, which is one of the largest corporate educational programs in the world. General Motor has established a learning organization and culture for its employees across the entire enterprise.GM University is designed to align the companys training investment with its business needs, and disseminate best practices and core value. Foundation skill training (i.e. computer software, GM history and business orientation) Functional specific skills and techniques Leadership and professional development On-the-job training in each department In addition, GM supports advanced education and certification through tuition assistance, Cardean e-MBA program, and technical education programs. Tuition Assistance Program: This program regular active salaried employees are eligible for tuition assistance upon date of hire. Graduate Education: Variety of graduate programs are available throughout GM. Checked with the operating unit of interest to you for individual opportunities. On-Site Classwork: Number of educational courses are offered in conjunction with educational institutions throughout the United States. New Hire Mentoring: The GM New Hire (GMNH) is the unique support system for new GM team members. Simply put the GM new hires are paired with our experienced GM team members with the primary objective of professionally transitioning and developing new hires into the GM culture. Providing and enabling to experience professional growth, corporate culture, new ideas and perspectives, while driving for business results. Mentoring is critical as move into the future. The new hires of today, will be our leaders for tomorrow. 1.2.6 Improvements made are in line with the organisations vision and objectives Total worldwide vehicle sales $8.4 million in the year Offering a lease product in certain geographic areas In the year ended December 31, 2010 company worldwide market share was 11.4%. Total of 20,215 distribution outlets throughout the world. Currently offer 19 FlexFuel vehicles for the 2011 model year. Increase the volume of vehicles produced from common global architectures to more than 50% of company total volumes in 2015. Diesel vehicles have become important in the European marketplace, where company encompass 50% of the market share. 1.2.7 Improvements to reduce gap between what customers and  stakeholders want The success of the GME means that the stakeholders at all levels are very happy with the performanceof company. GMEs share is considered to be the most reliable on the market.The gap between customer and stakeholders is substantially reduced by keeping the community and different stakeholders at the heart of scorecard where the progress is checked on recurrent basis. Agreeing Team Performance Targets To Meet  Strategic Objectives This sections aims to look into the team performance targets which match with theultimate strategic gains. 2.1 Required Performance Targets Within Teams Against Current Performance It is the duty of the company to engage with the community and find out about their local shopping preferences. Teams are urged to be polite, helpful and cordial . every company have targets. These targets are compared with the year on year,season on seaon and like for like weekly targets. All the section managers and staff have the access to the relevant information and these targets are reiterated through an internal communication channel. Every single staff working at company has targets. 2.1.1 The type of skills, knowledge, understanding and experience required to undertake current and planned  organisational activities At operational level, there is not much need for high skills required but along with the increment in the hierarchy of the management, the relevant skills are also increased. For example, sectional managers have to be versed in time keeping and management, store managers are more project oriented and have to be more financially aware. GME identify the training needs of its staff. As the company is becoming more technologically oriented, company is investing a lot in the training of systems such as self help check outs monitoring and online reporting. Company employees can manage their own profile these days online and have their personnel related matters sorted through this channel. All this need to be communicated and people are trained through GME Academy. 2.1.2 Systems for collecting and assessing information on the overall performance of theorganisation to identify opportunities for improvement GME relies heavily on digital ways of collecting and assessing information. Although, it does engage with community through local leaflets and local surveys but on strategic level it engages through CSR (corporate social responsibility) initiative. It has found out that it needs to invest ingreener and more fair trade products. Every transaction at GME front end is stored for 5 years,this huge amount of data helps to analyse and compare sales data on the overall performance. 2.2 Encourage individual commitment to team performance in achieving organisational objectives. Staff members are encouraged through motivational techniques such as staff value awards competition, employee of the month and encouragement for every staff to become team members. Such techniques help raise the staff morale ultimate resulting in getting individuals commitment. 2.3 Context of delegation, mentoring and coaching to achieve organisational objectives The concept of mentoring is used at graduate training schemes where graduate recruits get their mentor for a year or so period. Operational staff tend to get more coaching and any limitations in their skills are catered for locally in the staff training room. At grass root level there is not much of delegation involved, more or less the operational teams do the jobs that they are asked to do with avery little chance of job rotation. 3 Monitor activities to improve team performance A strategy implementation to improve team performance process has to be a top to bottom approach. Communication lies at the heart of strategy implementation. If the top management doesnt have the required motivation coupled with strong communication channels then it would behard to monitor any strategic systems and processes. (Mabey 2002). Therefore, GME has adopted various channels for the smooth flow of information and introduced various checks and balances so that the balance score card is measured according to the objectives set. This whole process encompasses the involvement of supervisors, team leaders and other managers during staff appraisals which are conducted twice a year. Employees are encouraged to take part in company development programme which is labelled as personal development planning(PDP). Every employee develops his own objectives. The progress is monitored through PDP folder and staff appraisals. Identification of the work objectives, key dates and support materials are provided by the management and also at their daily and weekly staff meetings so that staff can measure their contribution. The balanced score card is considered to be used for organisational fitness for the purpose and is classified as the in-out approach to controlling strategic performance. Balanced score card helps to strengthen the core competencies of an organisation and enables workforce to sustain the competitive advantage in the market. (Prahalad and Hamel, 1990; Teeceet al., 1997). 3.1 Monitoring team performance Following a resource based review of the adopted balance score card methodology at GME. It encapsulatesthe daily, monthly, quarterly and annual strategic control and the steps through which it iscontrolled and monitored. Balanced score card focuses on alignment and integration of the human activity factor with the operations. It conditions how people work instead of directly trying to influence people (employees and community) what they should achieve. The balanced score card helps to review the objectives and progress through all structures of management and at all levels. GMEs recurring operational issues are discussed at weekly or monthly basis whereas, the strategic issues come up more often at managers meetings on quarterly basis. This is in alignment with the classical view of the balance score card evolution. 3.2 Evaluation of team performance against agreed objectives Team performances are evaluated through 360 feedback, team briefings and by adopting Demings PDC approach. The areas of improvement are defined and are communicated at once throughTeam Exercise. 4 Contribution of influence and persuasion to team dynamics Since the evolution of different management theories, the modern business world uses a mix of all these. Employee motivation through monetary means is still a bigger factor behind better labour output. The contribution of these motivational techniques to influence the team dynamics is measured in this section. 4.1 Methodologies to gain commitment to action GME management uses a combination of Taylorism and Maslow theory of need such that it enriches the job satisfaction by really involving its staff into decision making allowing them to become a part of the organisation and by giving them monetary incentives through bonus and other performance related pay increments. This is a proven methodology to gain GME Staffs commitment in achieving the targets. GME employs over 209,000 and all of them take part in Staff Question Time Sessions which enables the company management to obtain a valuable feedback about the work conditions (Email GME, 2011). This is a 360 degree exercise such that it not only gives feedback to employees but also enables staff to share their experience and opinions to help serve customers better. Staff Training and development is another successful tool that company use to engage with its staff and to enrich their experience of working with them. A good programme such as HPWS (High Performance Work System) is highly eff ective in experienced staff retention. Staff retention and loyalty is a trademark of every successful organisation. 4.2 Impact of individual dynamic on securing commitment to action The impact of the chief executive on securing its staff s commitment to action is distilled at all levels of GMEs organizational structure. For any strategic action has to be channelled through effective top level management. GMEs current boss has earned industry as well as its employees respect by achieving various awards and taking GME,s success to an unprecedented level. Conclusion The above assignment has tried to explore GME within four learning outcomes as specified aboveand has found that due to visionary leadership and innovative performance management measures. The four learning outcomes inspected setting of performance targets through the purpose and balance score card methodology adopted by the company. GME further uses various controlling and monitoring mechanism together with its High Performance Work System to help implement its objectives. Different motivational techniques are used to build up the morale and generate higher labour output by the team members.These teams include enrichment of employees experience through training and development,sharing of success through shares and profits incentives. And eventually, the all important strategic leadership has been discussed. It is argued that without the visionary leadership of management GME would not enjoy the benefits that it is enjoying today. Despite being the leading supermarket, GME continues to expand into more diversified portfolio and the author of this article, having worked in one of the stores, feels confident that the trend would continue in the foreseeable future.

Information Relevancy for Online Consumer Decision-making Essay

Introduction The emergency of Internet has largely changed the travelers’ decision-making process (Buhalis, 2007) and websites have become such an integral component of today's businesses that website effectiveness are of strategic importance to companies at large and hospitality and tourism businesses in specific. It has been a customary practice for hospitality and tourism companies to conduct business transactions to market themselves (Buhalis, 2003; Buhalis & Law, 2008; Wang, 2008) and to enhance communication between suppliers and consumers (Law, Qi, & Buhalis, 2009). As a result, website effectiveness has been a topical area that received sustained scrutiny from tourism and hospitality researchers. However, only a moderate level of success has been achieved (Law, Qi, & Buhalis, 2009). Recent literature in tourism website evaluation have attempted to investigate this area from various angles including website design and functionality, consumer hedonic experiences and perception of information quality (Law & Bai, 2006; Law, Qi, & Buhalis, 2009). However, only limited research has been conducted in evaluating online travel agencies’ (OTAs) websites and travel agencies’ websites (Kaynama & Black, 2000; Chung & Law, 2003; Roney & Ozturan, 2006). The majority of existing studies in this area are conducted in the context of hotels or tourism destinations. Methodologies employed by these studies are mainly using survey questionnaires to measure the overall satisfaction level of online travelers, or other exploratory approaches such as content analysis or attribute/functionality counting against a predefined checklist (Law, Qi, & Buhalis, 2009). It should be noted that most of the existing research tended to only measure the o... .../desire/action to make final booking. 2) Questions related to their perceptions how relevant the information presented at each webpage is in assisting their decision-making. 3) Questions related to their personal information. Expected Contribution Providing relevant and timely information at each page of a website can be crucial in supporting consumer decision making and therefore website effectiveness. This research would be able to identify specific types of information that online travelers would need at certain stage of their decision-making process. It will potentially provide recommendations to OTAs for online information optimization. Additionally this research could build academic linkage between traditional service industry where customer-employee interaction mostly occurs and online service industry where customer-computer interaction mostly occurs.

Recrystallization Lab Essay

Recrystallization is a method used for purifying solid organic compounds. It is the most efficient method to purify and remove impurities from a solid to allow a crystal to grow. The method is when the solute in a hot solvent yields to a solution. Once the solvent cools, the solution is saturated with respect to the solute, which is when it recrystallizes. A crystal is the end result of the method and it is a single pure substance with the impurities being excluded from it. The recrystallization method can be broken down into seven steps: 1) Choosing the solvent, 2) Dissolving the solute, 3) Decolorizing the Solution, 4) Filtering suspended solids, 5) Recrystallizing the solute, 6) Collecting and washing the crystals, and 7) Drying the product. Activated Charcoal is used in Recrystallization to absorb the impurities that are in the solution. Experimental Section 1) Recrystallization of Phthalic Acid 2) Recrystallization of Benzoic Acid 3) Recrystallization of Naphthalene Table of Chemicals Melting point Boiling Point Molar Mass Color Phthalic Acid 230 °C Decomposes 166.13 g/mole White Benzoic Acid 122.4 °C 249.2 °C 122.12 g/mole Not available Naphthalene 80.2 °C 218 °C 128.19 g/mole white Results Phthalic Acid Benzoic Acid Naphthalene Mass .143 g .126g (w/ out water) .098g (w/ water) .439g Percent Recovery 71.5% (0.143g/0.2g) 252% (.0126/0.05g) 196% (0.098g/0.05g) 43.9% (0.439g/1.0g) Melting Point 220 °C 110 °C (w/ out water) 105 °C (w/ water) 70 °C Discussion The percent recovery of Benzoic Acid is way above 100%. This indicates that an error was performed during the experiment. Phthalic Acid melted just 20 °C less than the standard melting point for Phthalic Acid. Naphthalene melted 10 °C less and Benzoic Acid also did not reach the standard melting point. Reasons for a low percent Recovery for Phthalic Acid and Naphthalene is probably because not all of the solid were collected when filtered out. Reasons for Benzoic Acid being over 100 % is probably because there was an excess of solute and it was not filtered out correctly. Conclusion To conclude, the experiment was successful in creating crystals and removing them from impurities. Only fault was not taking out enough of the crystals to get the right percent recovery. The techniques for recrystallization can be used for any chemicals as long as there is a solvent that it can mix with and it is an impure compound. References Weldegirma, Solomon. Laboratory Manual: CHM 2210L and CHM 2211L. Tampa: Chemistry Department, 2014. Print. â€Å"Phthalic Acid Msds.† Science Lab. N.P., n.d. Web. 30 Sept. 2014 â€Å"Recrystallization Technique.† – [www.rhodium.ws]. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Sept. 2014.